Just did.  The catch is, the stored proc in question doesn't return any result sets normally. I've also tried just referencing the record count as well. 

Create PROCEDURE q_test

AS

declare @e int, @a int

begin transaction

  Set @a = 0

RAISERROR ('AAAAAAAAAA', 17, 1)

RAISERROR ('BBBBBBBBBB', 17, 1)

  Select 4 / @a

  Select @e = @@ERROR

  if @e <> 0 begin

       RaisError('The variable A should not be zero', 16, 1)

       Rollback

       Return(@e)

         end

RAISERROR ('CCCCCCCCCCC', 17, 1)

commit

return(0)

GO